A glass plate photograph from 1867 shows locomotive #447 departing Philadelphia for a 305-mile journey to Pittsburgh pulling six passenger cars with no coal tender visible. I found this image misfiled in a railroad museum basement along with forty-two other photographs showing the same impossible configuration—trains that shouldn’t be able to move running documented routes that required six tons of coal they had nowhere to store. When I showed these to a retired Union Pacific chief engineer with forty years of experience, he calculated the fuel requirements and said flatly: “This configuration shouldn’t be able to leave the station.”
The technology wasn’t obsolete—it was too efficient, and efficiency that threatened coal sales had to be destroyed before anyone realized what we were losing.
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